Zypern

Republic of Cyprus

A Greek island of the eastern Mediterranean, divided since 1974, Cyprus is the oldest point of contact between Europe and the Levant.

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Erbe

Paul of Tarsus and Barnabas preached there on the first missionary journey recounted in the Acts of the Apostles: Cyprus is thus the first land governed by a converted Roman. The Church of Cyprus has been autocephalous since 431, one of the oldest in the Christian world.

Geschichte

Colonised by the Mycenaeans, contested between Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, Cyprus became Roman in 58 BC and then Byzantine for eight centuries. Richard the Lionheart conquered it in 1191; a Frankish Lusignan kingdom followed, then Venice, then the Ottoman Empire from 1571.

Administered by the British from 1878, the island gained independence in 1960 with a constitution shared between Greek and Turkish communities. The 1974 coup and the Turkish military intervention that followed divided the island in two.

Cyprus joined the Union in 2004, with the acquis suspended in the north. It adopted the euro in 2008 and went through a major banking crisis in 2013. Reunification remains the subject of UN-sponsored negotiations.

Meilensteine

45 Christianisierung

Paul and Barnabas in Cyprus

The first Christian mission outside Judaea recounted in Acts; the Roman proconsul converts.

431 Christianisierung

Autocephaly of the Church of Cyprus

The Council of Ephesus recognises the Cypriot Church’s independence, maintained for fifteen centuries.

1191 Mittelalter

Lusignan kingdom

After the crusade, a Frankish dynasty rules the island for three centuries.

1571 Renaissance und Reformationen

Ottoman conquest of Cyprus

The fall of Famagusta shortly precedes Lepanto; a Turkish-speaking community settles.

1960 Zeitgeschichte

Independence of Cyprus

The Republic of Cyprus is born of a compromise between Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

1974 Zeitgeschichte

Division of the island

The coup and Turkish intervention cut Cyprus in two; the Green Line crosses Nicosia.

2004 Europäischer Aufbau

Accession of Cyprus to the Union

Cyprus joins the EU; the acquis remains suspended in the northern part of the island.

2004 Europäischer Aufbau war beteiligt

The big bang enlargement

Ten states, eight of them formerly communist, join the Union: the continent’s division ends.

2010 Europäischer Aufbau war betroffen

Sovereign debt crisis

The euro area urgently creates unprecedented financial solidarity mechanisms.

Politische Landschaft

Ergebnisse der Europawahl vom Juni 2024 und ihre Übersetzung in Fraktionen des Europäischen Parlaments.

DISY — Δημοκρατικός Συναγερμός 2
AKEL — Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού 2
Fidias — Φειδίας Παναγιώτου (ανεξάρτητος) 1
DIKO — Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα 1

Verteilung der europäischen Sitze

Fraktion der Europäischen Volkspartei (Christdemokraten) 2
Die Linke im Europäischen Parlament — GUE/NGL 2
Fraktionslose Mitglieder 1
Fraktion der Progressiven Allianz der Sozialdemokraten im Europäischen Parlament 1

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Staatsschulden, in % des BIP 54,6 % 0,4 % BIP pro Kopf (EU = 100) 98,2 0,2 Staatsausgaben, in % des BIP 38,3 % 2,3 % Abgabenquote, in % des BIP 37,6 % 0,1 % Gefangene je 100 000 Einwohner 99,9 1,2