106 Antigüedad
Trajan conquers Dacia
Trajan’s Column immortalises the campaign. Latinisation will give birth to the Romanian language.
Rumanía
Romania
The only Latin nation of the Orthodox world, Romania takes its name from Rome and its liturgy from Byzantium: a dual descent unique in Europe.
Herencia
Trajan's Column in Rome recounts the conquest of Dacia; the Romanian language is its direct heir, the only Romance language in the east of the continent. Christianity there is Byzantine in rite, yet the monasteries of Bukovina and the Latin Digest coexist in a rare synthesis.
Historia
Trajan conquered Dacia in 106: the occupation was short, yet enough to impose a popular Latin from which Romanian would be born. After the Roman withdrawal the region was crossed by migrations, then organised by the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, intermittent vassals of the Ottoman Empire.
The principalities united in 1859 under Alexandru Ioan Cuza and gained independence in 1878. Greater Romania in 1918 brought in Transylvania, a land of coexistence between Romanians, Hungarians, Saxons and Jews.
The communist regime, particularly harsh under Ceaușescu, collapsed violently in December 1989. Romania joined NATO in 2004, the Union in 2007, and the land Schengen area on 1 January 2025.
Hitos
1359 Edad Media
Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia
Two Orthodox, Romance-speaking states take shape between the Carpathians, Danube and Dniester.
1600 Renacimiento y Reformas
Union under Michael the Brave
A brief union of the three principalities, later the founding symbol of Romanian unity.
1859 Edad Moderna
Union of the principalities
Cuza is elected in both Iași and Bucharest: modern Romania appears on the map.
1918 Edad Moderna actor principal
Union with Romania
The Sfatul Țării votes for union, annulled by the USSR in 1940.
1918 Edad Moderna
Greater Romania
Union with Transylvania and Bessarabia doubles the territory and population.
1989 Época contemporánea
December revolution
The only violent fall of a European communist regime; Ceaușescu is executed on 25 December.
2007 Construcción europea
Accession of Romania to the Union
With Bulgaria, Romania joins the EU and becomes its eastern frontier on the Black Sea.
2022 Construcción europea se vio afectado
War in Ukraine
The Russian invasion brings sanctions, the reception of millions of refugees and candidacies from Ukraine and Moldova.
2025 Construcción europea
Full Schengen entry
Land border controls are lifted on 1 January, thirteen years after the first application.
2025 Construcción europea participó
Schengen at 29
The area has twenty-nine members: twenty-five Union states and four EFTA neighbours. Two member states remain outside — Ireland, by choice, and Cyprus, which has yet to join.
Panorama político
Resultados de las europeas de junio de 2024 y su traducción en grupos del Parlamento Europeo.
PSD
— Partidul Social Democrat
26,0 %
11
PNL
— Partidul Național Liberal
22,5 %
8
AUR
— Alianța pentru Unirea Românilor
14,9 %
6
USR
— Uniunea Salvați România
8,6 %
3
UDMR
— Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România
6,5 %
2
SOS
— S.O.S. România
5,0 %
2
Ind.
— Nicolae Ștefănuță (independent)
3,0 %
1
Reparto de escaños europeos
Grupo de la Alianza Progresista de Socialistas y Demócratas en el Parlamento Europeo
26,0 %
11
Grupo del Partido Popular Europeo (Demócrata-Cristianos)
29,0 %
10
Grupo de los Conservadores y Reformistas Europeos
14,9 %
6
Grupo Renew Europe
8,6 %
3
Diputados no inscritos
5,0 %
2
Grupo de Los Verdes/Alianza Libre Europea
3,0 %
1
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