1914 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Serbien
Sarajevo assassination
The killing of the archduke sets off the chain reaction of the First World War.
Eine gemeinsame Geschichte
Der europäische Aufbau begann nicht 1950. Dieser Faden verbindet das antike Erbe, die jüdisch-christliche Matrix und die heutige Union.
326
Ereignisse
3600 v. Chr.
ältester Eintrag
46
vertretene Länder
0
bereits diskutiert
Dichte der Ereignisse
Vor 1500 ein Jahrhundert pro Balken, danach ein Jahrzehnt: Archive verteilen sich ungleich.
1910 :
4 Ereignisse
1920 :
3 Ereignisse
1930 :
3 Ereignisse
1940 :
9 Ereignisse
1950 :
2 Ereignisse
1960 :
6 Ereignisse
1970 :
4 Ereignisse
1980 :
8 Ereignisse
1990 :
20 Ereignisse
2000 :
5 Ereignisse
2010 :
2 Ereignisse
2020 :
4 Ereignisse
Antikes Griechenland
Frühmittelalter
Renaissance
Aufklärung
Europäisches Konzert
Europäische Einigung
Rom
Hoch- und Spätmittelalter
Reformation und Religionskriege
Zeitalter der Revolutionen
Weltkriege
Kalter Krieg
1910
1969
2029
70 Ereignisse
1900 1924
Europäisches Konzert 6 Ereignisse1914 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Belgien
Violation of neutrality
The German invasion brings the United Kingdom into the war and freezes the Yser front.
1916 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Irland
Easter Rising
The Dublin revolt, at first isolated, sets the independence process in motion.
1917 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Finnland
Independence of Finland
On 6 December Finland separates from revolutionary Russia.
1923 Institution Zeitgeschichte Türkei
Founding of the Republic
Mustafa Kemal launches rapid Westernisation: Latin alphabet, Swiss civil code, secularism.
1923 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Liechtenstein Schweiz
Customs union with Switzerland
The Swiss franc becomes official currency; Bern represents the principality abroad.
1925 1949
Weltkriege 13 Ereignisse1929 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Vatikanstadt
Lateran Accords
Vatican City State is created; the Roman question is closed.
1932 Katastrophe Zeitgeschichte Ukraine
Holodomor
The famine engineered by Stalin kills millions; several states recognise it as genocide.
1939 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Polen
Invasion and occupation
Invaded by Germany then the USSR, Poland loses nearly a fifth of its population.
1939 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Finnland
Winter War
Facing Soviet invasion, Finnish resistance saves independence at the cost of Karelia.
1941 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Belarus
Occupation and destruction
A quarter of the population perishes; hundreds of villages are razed.
1942 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Malta
George Cross
King George VI decorates the entire island for its endurance under bombardment.
1943 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Bulgarien
Rescue of the Bulgarian Jews
Under pressure from the Orthodox Church and parliamentarians, deportation is cancelled.
1943 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Dänemark
Rescue of the Danish Jews
In a few nights, more than 7,000 Jews are evacuated to neutral Sweden.
1944 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Island
Proclamation of the Republic in Iceland
On 17 June, at Þingvellir, Iceland breaks the link with the Danish crown.
1944 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte San Marino
Sheltering refugees
The neutral republic houses more than 100,000 people, ten times its population.
1944 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Niederlande
Benelux customs union
Signed in London by the governments in exile, it prefigures the common market.
1944 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Slowakei
Slovak National Uprising
One of the largest armed revolts against the Axis in occupied Europe.
1949 Text Zeitgeschichte Deutschland
Bonn Basic Law
“Human dignity shall be inviolable”: Article 1 places the person — a Christian and humanist legacy — at the summit of the legal order.
1950 1974
Europäische Einigung 11 Ereignisse1955 Vertrag Zeitgeschichte Österreich
Austrian State Treaty
The four powers withdraw; Austria proclaims perpetual neutrality.
1956 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Ungarn
Budapest uprising
The revolt is crushed by the Red Army; 200,000 Hungarians go into exile.
1960 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Zypern
Independence of Cyprus
The Republic of Cyprus is born of a compromise between Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1962 Religion Zeitgeschichte Vatikanstadt
Second Vatican Council
The Church reforms its liturgy and redefines its relations with the modern world and Judaism.
1964 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Malta
Independence of Malta
Malta leaves the British Empire and becomes a republic ten years later.
1967 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Albanien
Religion banned
Albania proclaims itself the world’s first atheist state; churches and mosques are closed.
1968 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Tschechien
Prague Spring
“Socialism with a human face” is crushed by Warsaw Pact tanks in August.
1969 Entdeckung Zeitgeschichte Norwegen
Discovery of Ekofisk
North Sea oil transforms the economy and founds the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund.
1974 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Zypern
Division of the island
The coup and Turkish intervention cut Cyprus in two; the Green Line crosses Nicosia.
1974 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Portugal
Carnation Revolution
On 25 April an almost bloodless military coup restores democracy.
1974 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Kosovo
Constitutional autonomy
The Yugoslav constitution grants Kosovo near-republican attributes.
1975 1999
Europäische Einigung 29 Ereignisse1978 Text Zeitgeschichte Spanien
Democratic constitution of Spain
Three years after Franco, Spain adopts a parliamentary monarchy and a state of autonomies.
1980 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Polen
Solidarity
At the Gdańsk shipyards the Soviet bloc’s first free trade union is born. Communism loses its workers’ legitimacy.
1980 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Island
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
Iceland elects the world’s first woman head of state by direct universal suffrage.
1984 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Liechtenstein
Women’s suffrage
The last country in Europe to grant it, by a male-only referendum.
1986 Katastrophe Zeitgeschichte Belarus
Chernobyl fallout
Nearly 70 % of the radioactive fallout lands on Belarusian territory.
1988 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Estland
Singing Revolution
Three hundred thousand Estonians sing banned anthems together: dissent becomes massive.
1989 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Rumänien
December revolution
The only violent fall of a European communist regime; Ceaușescu is executed on 25 December.
1989 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Litauen
Baltic Way
Two million people form a human chain from Tallinn to Vilnius.
1989 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Tschechien
Velvet Revolution
In a few weeks and without violence the regime falls; Václav Havel becomes president.
1990 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Deutschland
German reunification
A year after the Wall fell, the five eastern Länder join the Federal Republic and the European Community.
1990 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Litauen
Independence restored
On 11 March Lithuania is the first republic to leave the USSR.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Estland
Independence of Estonia restored
On 20 August Estonia again proclaims its sovereignty.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Lettland
Independence of Latvia restored
After the Singing Revolution, Latvia regains its sovereignty.
1991 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Slowenien
Ten-Day War
Slovenia leaves Yugoslavia after the shortest of the decade’s conflicts.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Kroatien
Independence of Croatia
The declaration of 25 June opens four years of war on Croatian territory.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Ukraine
Independence of Ukraine
More than 90 % of voters approve leaving the USSR on 1 December.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Belarus
Independence of Belarus
The Belavezha Accords, signed in Belarus, formalise the dissolution of the USSR.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Albanien
End of the communist regime
After forty-seven years of isolation, pluralism is restored.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Nordmazedonien
Peaceful independence
The only Yugoslav republic to separate without war.
1991 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Moldau
Independence of Moldova
The republic proclaims sovereignty on 27 August, days after the Moscow putsch.
1992 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Bosnien und Herzegowina
Bosnian War
The siege of Sarajevo lasts 1,425 days; Srebrenica is recognised as genocide.
1992 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Moldau
Transnistria conflict
A ceasefire freezes a de facto secession that has lasted more than thirty years.
1993 Text Zeitgeschichte Andorra
Democratic constitution of Andorra
Andorra becomes a sovereign state under the rule of law and joins the UN the same year.
1993 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Slowakei
Independence of Slovakia
On 1 January the Slovak Republic is born of a negotiated, peaceful separation.
1993 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Belgien
Federal Belgium
The fourth state reform enshrines in the Constitution a federal state of communities and regions.
1993 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Tschechien Slowakei
Velvet Divorce
Czechia and Slovakia separate peacefully on 1 January, a rare case in Europe.
1995 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Bosnien und Herzegowina
Dayton Accords
Peace establishes a two-entity state whose architecture still governs the country.
1998 Vertrag Zeitgeschichte Irland
Good Friday Agreement
Thirty years of conflict end; the Irish border becomes invisible.
1999 Krieg Zeitgeschichte Kosovo
NATO intervention
After months of conflict, the territory passes under United Nations administration.
2000 2024
Europäische Einigung 11 Ereignisse2002 Vertrag Zeitgeschichte Monaco Frankreich
Friendship treaty with France
The text modernises the bilateral relationship and secures dynastic succession.
2005 Entdeckung Zeitgeschichte Estland
First national online vote
Estonia becomes the first country in the world to hold elections over the internet.
2006 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Montenegro
Independence referendum
55.5 % of voters choose separation from Serbia.
2008 Text Zeitgeschichte Kosovo
Declaration of independence
On 17 February Pristina proclaims independence; recognition remains partial.
2008 Katastrophe Zeitgeschichte Island
Banking collapse
The three big banks fail; the crisis leads to an EU application, withdrawn in 2015.
2013 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Ukraine
Euromaidan
The refusal to sign the EU association agreement triggers months of protest.
2017 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Montenegro
NATO accession of Montenegro
The country joins the Alliance despite strong internal opposition.
2020 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Belarus
2020 protests
Contestation of the presidential election is repressed; the EU does not recognise the result.
2020 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Nordmazedonien
NATO accession of North Macedonia
The country becomes the 30th member of the Atlantic Alliance.
2023 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Finnland
NATO accession of Finland
On 4 April Finland doubles the Alliance’s land border with Russia.
2024 Ereignis Zeitgeschichte Schweden
NATO accession of Sweden
On 7 March Sweden becomes the 32nd ally, ending two centuries of neutrality.