Portugal

Portuguese Republic

Europe's oldest stable frontier, Portugal opened the sea route to the Indies and took the continent into the oceanic age.

Erbe

Roman Lusitania left Évora and Conímbriga. The University of Coimbra, founded in 1290, is one of the world's oldest. The Manueline, a national style, blends late Gothic, Christian symbolism and maritime motifs: the art of a country that conceived of its faith as navigation.

Geschichte

Born as a county of the kingdom of León, Portugal became independent in 1143 and completed its reconquest in 1249: its borders have scarcely moved since, making it Europe's oldest stable frontier.

In the fifteenth century the school of Sagres and the caravels opened the Atlantic: Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the world with Castile. Lisbon became a world spice capital before the 1755 earthquake destroyed the city and shook European theodicy.

After the Salazar dictatorship, the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974 restored democracy and began decolonisation. Accession to the Communities in 1986, simultaneous with Spain, definitively reoriented the country towards Europe.

Meilensteine

1143 Mittelalter

Independence of Portugal

The Treaty of Zamora recognises Afonso Henriques as king. Today’s borders begin to take shape.

1290 Mittelalter

University of Coimbra

Founded by King Dinis, it transmits canon and Roman law to the whole Lusophone world.

1498 Renaissance und Reformationen

Vasco da Gama reaches India

The sea route to the spices opens; Europe’s economy shifts from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.

1755 Frühe Neuzeit

Lisbon earthquake

The disaster inspires Voltaire and Kant: the problem of evil becomes central to the Enlightenment.

1910 Frühe Neuzeit

Proclamation of the Republic in Portugal

The monarchy falls; the instability that follows will open the way to the Estado Novo.

1974 Zeitgeschichte

Carnation Revolution

On 25 April an almost bloodless military coup restores democracy.

1986 Europäischer Aufbau

Accession of Portugal to the Communities

Portugal joins the EEC on the same day as Spain and begins rapid economic catch-up.

1992 Europäischer Aufbau war beteiligt

Maastricht Treaty

The European Union is created, with European citizenship and the timetable for the single currency.

1999 Europäischer Aufbau war beteiligt

Birth of the euro

Eleven currencies are irrevocably fixed; the European Central Bank takes up its functions.

2009 Europäischer Aufbau Hauptakteur

Treaty of Lisbon

The Charter of Fundamental Rights becomes binding; Parliament becomes a full co-legislator.

2010 Europäischer Aufbau war betroffen

Sovereign debt crisis

The euro area urgently creates unprecedented financial solidarity mechanisms.

Politische Landschaft

Ergebnisse der Europawahl vom Juni 2024 und ihre Übersetzung in Fraktionen des Europäischen Parlaments.

PS — Partido Socialista 8
AD — Aliança Democrática — PSD, CDS-PP 7
Chega — Chega 2
IL — Iniciativa Liberal 2
BE — Bloco de Esquerda 1
CDU — Coligação Democrática Unitária 1

Verteilung der europäischen Sitze

Fraktion der Progressiven Allianz der Sozialdemokraten im Europäischen Parlament 8
Fraktion der Europäischen Volkspartei (Christdemokraten) 7
Fraktion Patrioten für Europa 2
Fraktion Renew Europe 2
Die Linke im Europäischen Parlament — GUE/NGL 2

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