1457 Middle Ages
Reign of Stephen the Great
Forty-seven years of resistance to the Ottomans and of monastic foundations.
Moldova
Republic of Moldova
A former Romanian principality turned Soviet republic, Moldova obtained candidate status in 2022 and opened negotiations in 2024.
Heritage
The principality of Moldavia under Stephen the Great, who reigned for forty-seven years, built dozens of churches and was hailed by the pope as a bulwark of Christendom. The cave monasteries of Orheiul Vechi attest to eremitic life continuous since the thirteenth century.
History
The principality of Moldavia, founded in the fourteenth century, reached its zenith under Stephen the Great, who repeatedly repelled the Ottomans. It then became tributary to the Porte.
In 1812 Russia annexed the eastern part, Bessarabia. Reunited with Romania in 1918, it was retaken by the USSR in 1940 and turned into the Moldavian Soviet republic, with a policy of Russification and Cyrillic script.
Independent in 1991, Moldova immediately experienced the Transnistria conflict, frozen since 1992. Long Europe's poorest country, it obtained Union candidate status on 23 June 2022, at the same time as Ukraine, and opened accession negotiations in June 2024.
Milestones
1812 Early modern period
Annexation of Bessarabia
Russia takes the eastern half of the principality at the Treaty of Bucharest.
1918 Early modern period
Union with Romania
The Sfatul Țării votes for union, annulled by the USSR in 1940.
1991 Contemporary period
Independence of Moldova
The republic proclaims sovereignty on 27 August, days after the Moscow putsch.
1992 Contemporary period
Transnistria conflict
A ceasefire freezes a de facto secession that has lasted more than thirty years.
2022 European construction
Candidate status for Moldova
On 23 June Moldova becomes a Union candidate at the same time as Ukraine.
2022 European construction was affected
War in Ukraine
The Russian invasion brings sanctions, the reception of millions of refugees and candidacies from Ukraine and Moldova.
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