1648 Treaty Early modern period Germany
Peace of Westphalia
The end of the Thirty Years’ War enshrines state sovereignty and invents modern European diplomacy.
A shared history
European construction did not begin in 1950. This thread links the ancient inheritance, the Judeo-Christian matrix and the contemporary Union.
326
events
3600 BC
earliest marker
46
countries covered
0
already discussed
Event density
One century per bar before 1500, one decade after: archives are not evenly spread.
Before 1649 — 2 events. Three millennia without continuous sources. Click to open.
1640 :
2 events
1670 :
1 event
1680 :
3 events
1710 :
2 events
Ancient Greece
Early Middle Ages
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Concert of Europe
European integration
Rome
High and Late Middle Ages
Reformation and wars of religion
Age of revolutions
World wars
Cold War
1670
1694
1719
8 events
1600 1699
Reformation and wars of religion 6 events1648 Event Early modern period Netherlands
Independence of the Netherlands recognised
The Peace of Münster confirms the United Provinces as a fully fledged European power.
1670 Event Early modern period Netherlands
Spinoza and tolerance
The Theological-Political Treatise founds historical criticism of the Bible and argues for freedom of thought.
1683 War Early modern period Austria
Siege of Vienna
The Christian coalition breaks the Ottoman offensive: the ebb begins in Central Europe.
1685 Text Early modern period Latvia
Bible in Latvian
Ernst Glück’s translation fixes the written language and spreads reading through the parishes.
1688 Event Early modern period United Kingdom
Glorious Revolution
The Bill of Rights subjects the crown to Parliament: the matrix of parliamentary government.
1700 1799
Enlightenment 2 events1710 Text Early modern period Ukraine
Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk
The Cossack text separates powers and limits the hetman: one of Europe’s oldest.
1719 Institution Early modern period Liechtenstein
Creation of the principality
Emperor Charles VI raises the two lordships into an imperial principality.