Debt
What the state owes, to whom, at what maturity and at what price.
Public debt, % of GDP
28.5 %
European Union 82.9 %
−54.4 %
Public debt, in euros
34.2 bn €
10-year borrowing rate
4.1 %
European Union 3.9 %
+0.2 %
The rate at which the state borrows today, on the markets. It applies only to new debt.
Interest burden, % of GDP
0.8 %
European Union 1.9 %
−1.1 %
Government balance, % of GDP
-3.5 %
European Union -3.1 %
−0.4 %
A negative balance is a deficit. The figure covers general government — central, regional, local and social security — never the central budget alone.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- Held abroad 50,5 % 17.5 bn € 15.1 %
- Central bank 0,0 % 0 m € 0.0 %
- Banks and money-market funds 39,1 % 13.6 bn € 11.7 %
- Insurers and pension funds 8,7 % 3.1 bn € 2.6 %
- Firms and households 1,3 % 484 m € 0.4 %
- Under one year 7,4 % 2.5 bn € 2.2 %
- Over one year 92,6 % 32.1 bn € 27.7 %
- Currency and deposits 7,0 % 2.5 bn € 2.1 %
- Debt securities 81,9 % 28.4 bn € 24.4 %
- Loans 11,1 % 3.8 bn € 3.3 %
Output
What the country produces in a year, where that demand comes from, and how the product is shared out.
Gross domestic product
116.0 bn €
GDP growth
3.1 %
European Union 1.4 %
+1.7 %
GDP per head (EU = 100)
67.9
European Union 100.0
−32.1
Adjusted for price differences between countries: one hundred means “the EU average”. Without that adjustment, comparing a Bulgarian wage with a Danish one means nothing.
Government consumption, % of GDP
20.8 %
European Union 21.6 %
−0.8 %
What the state consumes itself — schools, hospitals, administration. Not its transfers, its investment or its debt: total public spending is far higher.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- Household consumption 67.9 bn €
- Government consumption 24.2 bn €
- Investment 23.4 bn €
- Change in inventories 1.8 bn €
- Exports 58.9 bn €
- Imports (subtracted) 60.1 bn €
- Wages and contributions 53.4 bn € 46,0 %
- Profits and mixed income 48.8 bn € 42,0 %
- Net taxes on products 13.9 bn € 12,0 %
Budget
What the state spends, on which functions, through which level of government.
Government spending, % of GDP
39.2 %
European Union 48.9 %
−9.7 %
Government spending, in euros
41.1 bn €
This country European Union
- General public services 2.9 % 3.1 bn € 7,4 %
- Defence 1.3 % 1.3 bn € 3,3 %
- Public order and safety 2.8 % 2.9 bn € 7,1 %
- Economic affairs 5.8 % 6.1 bn € 14,8 %
- Environment 0.6 % 640 m € 1,5 %
- Housing and amenities 1.0 % 1.1 bn € 2,6 %
- Health 5.4 % 5.6 bn € 13,8 %
- Recreation, culture and religion 0.7 % 747 m € 1,8 %
- Education 4.3 % 4.5 bn € 11,0 %
- Social protection 14.4 % 15.1 bn € 36,7 %
- Police 1.4 % 1.5 bn € 53,8 %
- Civil protection 0.3 % 277 m € 11,5 %
- Courts 0.7 % 764 m € 26,9 %
- Prisons 0.2 % 178 m € 7,7 %
- Research (order and safety) 0.0 % 8 m € 0,0 %
- Central government 29.2 % 30.6 bn € 54,5 %
- Local government 8.2 % 8.6 bn € 15,3 %
- Social security 16.2 % 16.9 bn € 30,2 %
- Wages and contributions 11.3 % 11.9 bn € 29,5 %
- Goods and services bought 4.7 % 4.9 bn € 12,3 %
- Social benefits 15.1 % 15.8 bn € 39,4 %
- Subsidies 2.2 % 2.3 bn € 5,7 %
- Property income 0.5 % 543 m € 1,3 %
- Investment 3.2 % 3.4 bn € 8,4 %
- Other transfers 1.3 % 1.3 bn € 3,4 %
Revenue
What the state levies, on what, and who collects it.
Total tax burden, % of GDP
30.5 %
European Union 40.3 %
−9.8 %
Taxes and social contributions together, including the share that goes to the Union.
Taxes, in euros
31.9 bn €
VAT, % of GDP
9.3 %
European Union 7.1 %
+2.2 %
Income taxes, % of GDP
6.4 %
European Union 12.8 %
−6.4 %
Social contributions, % of GDP
8.9 %
European Union 14.0 %
−5.1 %
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- VAT 9.3 % 9.7 bn € 30,7 %
- Other taxes on products 3.7 % 3.9 bn € 12,2 %
- Other taxes on production 1.6 % 1.7 bn € 5,3 %
- Income taxes 6.4 % 6.7 bn € 21,1 %
- Other current taxes 0.1 % 124 m € 0,3 %
- Social contributions 8.9 % 9.3 bn € 29,4 %
- Capital taxes 0.3 % 330 m € 1,0 %
- Central government 20.7 % 21.7 bn € 67,6 %
- Local government 0.8 % 797 m € 2,6 %
- Social security 8.9 % 9.3 bn € 29,1 %
- European Union 0.2 % 169 m € 0,7 %
Justice
Prisoners, prison places, judicial staff and homicides.
Prisoners per 100,000 people
84.4
The number of people held, including those awaiting trial. A country that judges slowly locks up more people who have not been convicted.
People held in prison
5,440
Police officers per 100,000 people
452.3
Prison staff per 100,000 people
47.7
Judges per 100,000 people
35.4
Homicides per 100,000 people
1.2
- Nationals 5,268 96,8 %
- Foreigners 172 3,2 %
Read alongside the share of foreigners in the population, which varies widely, and the fact that a non-resident is more often held on remand for want of guarantees of appearance.
- Men 5,203 95,6 %
- Women 237 4,4 %
Society
Population, employment, prices, poverty and inequality.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union