Output
What the country produces in a year, where that demand comes from, and how the product is shared out.
Gross domestic product
925.9 bn €
GDP growth
1.3 %
European Union 1.4 %
−0.1 %
Government consumption, % of GDP
12.0 %
European Union 21.6 %
−9.6 %
What the state consumes itself — schools, hospitals, administration. Not its transfers, its investment or its debt: total public spending is far higher.
This country European Union
This country European Union
- Household consumption 458.6 bn €
- Government consumption 111.5 bn €
- Investment 240.7 bn €
- Change in inventories 23.2 bn €
- Exports 722.7 bn €
- Imports (subtracted) 639.9 bn €
- Wages and contributions 533.3 bn € 57,6 %
- Profits and mixed income 370.3 bn € 40,0 %
- Net taxes on products 22.3 bn € 2,4 %
Budget
What the state spends, on which functions, through which level of government.
Government spending, % of GDP
32.5 %
European Union 48.9 %
−16.4 %
Government spending, in euros
291.1 bn €
This country European Union
- General public services 4.3 % 38.8 bn € 13,3 %
- Defence 0.8 % 7.4 bn € 2,5 %
- Public order and safety 1.6 % 14.4 bn € 5,0 %
- Economic affairs 3.8 % 34.3 bn € 11,8 %
- Environment 0.5 % 4.7 bn € 1,5 %
- Housing and amenities 0.2 % 1.8 bn € 0,6 %
- Health 2.2 % 19.6 bn € 6,8 %
- Recreation, culture and religion 0.9 % 8.4 bn € 2,8 %
- Education 5.3 % 47.4 bn € 16,4 %
- Social protection 12.7 % 114.1 bn € 39,3 %
- Police 0.7 % 6.0 bn € 53,8 %
- Civil protection 0.1 % 1.1 bn € 7,7 %
- Courts 0.3 % 2.6 bn € 23,1 %
- Prisons 0.2 % 1.8 bn € 15,4 %
- Research (order and safety) 0.0 % 0 m € 0,0 %
- Central government 10.6 % 94.6 bn € 26,9 %
- States and regions 13.3 % 119.0 bn € 33,8 %
- Local government 7.1 % 63.6 bn € 18,0 %
- Social security 8.4 % 75.7 bn € 21,3 %
- Wages and contributions 7.3 % 65.1 bn € 23,1 %
- Goods and services bought 4.9 % 44.1 bn € 15,5 %
- Social benefits 10.7 % 95.6 bn € 33,9 %
- Subsidies 2.9 % 26.0 bn € 9,2 %
- Property income 0.3 % 2.4 bn € 0,9 %
- Investment 3.1 % 27.5 bn € 9,8 %
- Other transfers 2.4 % 21.1 bn € 7,6 %
Revenue
What the state levies, on what, and who collects it.
Total tax burden, % of GDP
27.8 %
European Union 40.3 %
−12.5 %
Taxes and social contributions together, including the share that goes to the Union.
Taxes, in euros
240.6 bn €
VAT, % of GDP
3.3 %
European Union 7.1 %
−3.8 %
Income taxes, % of GDP
13.3 %
European Union 12.8 %
+0.5 %
Social contributions, % of GDP
6.8 %
European Union 14.0 %
−7.2 %
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- VAT 3.3 % 28.2 bn € 12,1 %
- Other taxes on products 1.0 % 8.4 bn € 3,7 %
- Other taxes on production 0.6 % 5.3 bn € 2,2 %
- Income taxes 13.3 % 115.3 bn € 48,7 %
- Other current taxes 2.1 % 18.6 bn € 7,7 %
- Social contributions 6.8 % 58.6 bn € 24,9 %
- Capital taxes 0.2 % 1.6 bn € 0,7 %
- Central government 9.8 % 84.8 bn € 35,3 %
- States and regions 7.0 % 60.3 bn € 25,2 %
- Local government 4.3 % 37.5 bn € 15,5 %
- Social security 6.7 % 57.9 bn € 24,1 %
Justice
Prisoners, prison places, judicial staff and homicides.
Prisoners per 100,000 people
75.0
The number of people held, including those awaiting trial. A country that judges slowly locks up more people who have not been convicted.
People held in prison
6,722
Police officers per 100,000 people
212.7
Prison staff per 100,000 people
56.5
Judges per 100,000 people
15.1
Homicides per 100,000 people
0.5
- Nationals 1,921 28,6 %
- Foreigners 4,801 71,4 %
Read alongside the share of foreigners in the population, which varies widely, and the fact that a non-resident is more often held on remand for want of guarantees of appearance.
- Men 6,293 93,6 %
- Women 429 6,4 %
Society
Population, employment, prices, poverty and inequality.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union