1992 Treaty

Maastricht Treaty

Name: Maastricht Treaty
Start: 1992

The European Union is created, with European citizenship and the timetable for the single currency.

What leads to what

Declared chains of causation — debatable, like any reading of history.

Upstream

echoes Schengen Agreement 1985 Cinq États hors traité ouvrent la voie que l’Union reprendra à son compte.
leads to Single European Act 1986 Le marché unique appelle une monnaie unique.
responds to Rejection of the EEA 1992 Le même mois, un peuple dit non à l’espace économique que l’Union élargit.

Downstream

leads to Birth of the euro 1999 Sept ans de critères de convergence entre la signature et la monnaie.
leads to Treaty of Lisbon 2009 Après l’échec du traité constitutionnel, la réforme revient par un traité classique.

Meanwhile, elsewhere

Within twenty-five years of 1992 — the context national timelines leave out.

same year Bosnian War Bosnia and Herzegovina
1 year earlier Independence of Croatia Croatia
1 year earlier Independence of Estonia restored Estonia
1 year later Democratic constitution of Andorra Andorra
1 year earlier Independence of Latvia restored Latvia
1 year earlier Ten-Day War Slovenia
2 years earlier Independence restored Lithuania
2 years earlier German reunification Germany

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Which long period

Periods overlap: they are landmarks, not boxes.

European integration 1950 – 2030 From coal and steel to a Union of twenty-seven.

Countries involved

Explore around

What was written of it

A day will come when all of you, nations of the continent, without losing your distinct qualities and your glorious individuality, will merge closely into a higher unity, and will form the European brotherhood.

Victor Hugo 1849

Opening address to the Peace Congress, Paris

Translated by the site, not by the author.