106 War Antiquity Romania
Trajan conquers Dacia
Trajan’s Column immortalises the campaign. Latinisation will give birth to the Romanian language.
A shared history
European construction did not begin in 1950. This thread links the ancient inheritance, the Judeo-Christian matrix and the contemporary Union.
326
events
3600 BC
earliest marker
46
countries covered
0
already discussed
Event density
One century per bar before 1500, one decade after: archives are not evenly spread.
Before 199 — 1 event. Three millennia without continuous sources. Click to open.
100 :
1 event
700 :
2 events
1000 :
2 events
1200 :
1 event
1300 :
4 events
1400 :
4 events
1560 :
1 event
1570 :
1 event
1620 :
1 event
1680 :
1 event
1900 :
1 event
1910 :
2 events
1930 :
2 events
1940 :
2 events
1950 :
2 events
1990 :
3 events
2020 :
1 event
Ancient Greece
Early Middle Ages
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Concert of Europe
European integration
Rome
High and Late Middle Ages
Reformation and wars of religion
Age of revolutions
World wars
Cold War
700
1364
2029
31 events
100 199
Rome 1 event700 799
Early Middle Ages 2 events711 War Middle Ages Spain
Muslim conquest
The Visigothic kingdom collapses. By the tenth century Córdoba is one of the largest cities in the world.
793 War Middle Ages Norway
Raid on Lindisfarne
The sack of the English monastery conventionally opens the Viking age.
1000 1099
High and Late Middle Ages 2 events1030 War Christianisation Norway
Battle of Stiklestad
The death of Olaf II makes him a saint: the kingdom’s Christianisation is completed.
1066 War Middle Ages United Kingdom
Norman Conquest
William imposes a French-speaking aristocracy; English absorbs thousands of Latin words.
1200 1299
High and Late Middle Ages 1 event1240 War Middle Ages Ukraine
Sack of Kyiv
The Mongol invasion destroys the capital and disperses the political legacy of Rus’.
1300 1399
High and Late Middle Ages 4 events1302 War Middle Ages Belgium
Battle of the Golden Spurs
Flemish communal militias crush the French chivalry: an assertion of urban power.
1389 War Middle Ages Serbia
Battle of Kosovo
Defeat by the Ottomans becomes the founding narrative of Serbian memory.
1389 War Middle Ages Kosovo
Battle of Kosovo
The clash becomes a contested site of memory between Serbian and Albanian narratives.
1396 War Middle Ages Bulgaria
Ottoman conquest of Bulgaria
The fall of Vidin completes the conquest; five centuries of domination begin.
1400 1499
Renaissance 4 events1410 War Middle Ages Lithuania
Battle of Grunwald
Poles and Lithuanians break the Teutonic Order and redraw the Baltic.
1443 War Middle Ages Albania
Skanderbeg’s revolt
Twenty-five years of resistance to the Ottomans make him a hero of Christendom.
1463 War Middle Ages Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ottoman conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Four centuries of rule begin; a large share of the population converts to Islam.
1499 War Renaissance and Reformations Switzerland
Swabian War
The Confederation becomes de facto free of the Holy Roman Empire, formally recognised in 1648.
1500 1599
Renaissance 2 events1565 War Renaissance and Reformations Malta
The Great Siege
The Order of Saint John repels the Ottoman army; all Europe follows the siege.
1571 War Renaissance and Reformations Cyprus
Ottoman conquest of Cyprus
The fall of Famagusta shortly precedes Lepanto; a Turkish-speaking community settles.
1600 1699
Reformation and wars of religion 2 events1620 War Early modern period Czechia
Battle of White Mountain
Protestant defeat opens three centuries of Habsburg domination over Bohemia.
1683 War Early modern period Austria
Siege of Vienna
The Christian coalition breaks the Ottoman offensive: the ebb begins in Central Europe.
1900 1924
Concert of Europe 3 events1903 War Early modern period North Macedonia
Ilinden Uprising
The revolt against the Ottomans becomes the founding reference of the Macedonian state.
1914 War Contemporary period Serbia
Sarajevo assassination
The killing of the archduke sets off the chain reaction of the First World War.
1916 War Contemporary period Ireland
Easter Rising
The Dublin revolt, at first isolated, sets the independence process in motion.
1925 1949
World wars 4 events1939 War Contemporary period Poland
Invasion and occupation
Invaded by Germany then the USSR, Poland loses nearly a fifth of its population.
1939 War Contemporary period Finland
Winter War
Facing Soviet invasion, Finnish resistance saves independence at the cost of Karelia.
1941 War Contemporary period Belarus
Occupation and destruction
A quarter of the population perishes; hundreds of villages are razed.
1944 War Contemporary period Slovakia
Slovak National Uprising
One of the largest armed revolts against the Axis in occupied Europe.
1950 1974
European integration 2 events1952 War European construction Luxembourg
Seat of the High Authority
Europe’s first supranational institution settles in Luxembourg.
1956 War Contemporary period Hungary
Budapest uprising
The revolt is crushed by the Red Army; 200,000 Hungarians go into exile.
1975 1999
European integration 3 events1991 War Contemporary period Slovenia
Ten-Day War
Slovenia leaves Yugoslavia after the shortest of the decade’s conflicts.
1992 War Contemporary period Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian War
The siege of Sarajevo lasts 1,425 days; Srebrenica is recognised as genocide.
1999 War Contemporary period Kosovo
NATO intervention
After months of conflict, the territory passes under United Nations administration.
2000 2024
European integration 1 event2022 War European construction
War in Ukraine
The Russian invasion brings sanctions, the reception of millions of refugees and candidacies from Ukraine and Moldova.