Debt
What the state owes, to whom, at what maturity and at what price.
Public debt, % of GDP
64.8 %
European Union 82.9 %
−18.1 %
Public debt, in euros
46.3 bn €
10-year borrowing rate
3.5 %
European Union 3.9 %
−0.3 %
The rate at which the state borrows today, on the markets. It applies only to new debt.
Interest burden, % of GDP
1.3 %
European Union 1.9 %
−0.6 %
Government balance, % of GDP
-2.5 %
European Union -3.1 %
+0.6 %
A negative balance is a deficit. The figure covers general government — central, regional, local and social security — never the central budget alone.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- Held abroad 57,2 % 26.5 bn € 37.6 %
- Central bank 28,3 % 13.1 bn € 18.6 %
- Banks and money-market funds 10,7 % 4.9 bn € 7.0 %
- Insurers and pension funds 2,3 % 1.1 bn € 1.5 %
- Firms and households 1,7 % 743 m € 1.1 %
- Under one year 5,9 % 2.8 bn € 3.9 %
- Over one year 94,1 % 43.6 bn € 61.8 %
- Currency and deposits 0,5 % 232 m € 0.3 %
- Debt securities 83,7 % 38.7 bn € 55.0 %
- Loans 15,8 % 7.4 bn € 10.4 %
Output
What the country produces in a year, where that demand comes from, and how the product is shared out.
Gross domestic product
71.2 bn €
GDP growth
1.5 %
European Union 1.4 %
+0.1 %
GDP per head (EU = 100)
91.3
European Union 100.0
−8.7
Adjusted for price differences between countries: one hundred means “the EU average”. Without that adjustment, comparing a Bulgarian wage with a Danish one means nothing.
Government consumption, % of GDP
21.5 %
European Union 21.6 %
−0.1 %
What the state consumes itself — schools, hospitals, administration. Not its transfers, its investment or its debt: total public spending is far higher.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- Household consumption 36.2 bn €
- Government consumption 15.3 bn €
- Investment 15.1 bn €
- Change in inventories 661 m €
- Exports 55.5 bn €
- Imports (subtracted) 51.6 bn €
- Wages and contributions 37.0 bn € 52,0 %
- Profits and mixed income 26.1 bn € 36,7 %
- Net taxes on products 8.1 bn € 11,3 %
Budget
What the state spends, on which functions, through which level of government.
Government spending, % of GDP
46.5 %
European Union 48.9 %
−2.4 %
Government spending, in euros
31.3 bn €
This country European Union
- General public services 4.6 % 3.1 bn € 9,9 %
- Defence 1.4 % 952 m € 3,0 %
- Public order and safety 1.5 % 1.0 bn € 3,2 %
- Economic affairs 5.7 % 3.9 bn € 12,3 %
- Environment 0.7 % 480 m € 1,5 %
- Housing and amenities 0.4 % 274 m € 0,9 %
- Health 8.0 % 5.4 bn € 17,2 %
- Recreation, culture and religion 1.5 % 997 m € 3,2 %
- Education 5.5 % 3.7 bn € 11,9 %
- Social protection 17.1 % 11.5 bn € 36,9 %
- Police 0.7 % 466 m € 50,0 %
- Civil protection 0.2 % 116 m € 14,3 %
- Courts 0.4 % 300 m € 28,6 %
- Prisons 0.1 % 83 m € 7,1 %
- Research (order and safety) 0.0 % 3 m € 0,0 %
- Central government 30.4 % 20.5 bn € 51,8 %
- Local government 8.8 % 5.9 bn € 15,0 %
- Social security 19.5 % 13.2 bn € 33,2 %
- Wages and contributions 11.3 % 7.6 bn € 24,7 %
- Goods and services bought 6.5 % 4.4 bn € 14,2 %
- Social benefits 18.4 % 12.4 bn € 40,2 %
- Subsidies 1.1 % 759 m € 2,4 %
- Property income 1.3 % 872 m € 2,8 %
- Investment 5.2 % 3.5 bn € 11,4 %
- Other transfers 2.0 % 1.3 bn € 4,4 %
Revenue
What the state levies, on what, and who collects it.
Total tax burden, % of GDP
38.8 %
European Union 40.3 %
−1.5 %
Taxes and social contributions together, including the share that goes to the Union.
Taxes, in euros
26.1 bn €
VAT, % of GDP
7.9 %
European Union 7.1 %
+0.8 %
Income taxes, % of GDP
8.0 %
European Union 12.8 %
−4.8 %
Social contributions, % of GDP
17.2 %
European Union 14.0 %
+3.2 %
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
- VAT 7.9 % 5.4 bn € 20,5 %
- Other taxes on products 3.7 % 2.5 bn € 9,6 %
- Other taxes on production 1.2 % 824 m € 3,1 %
- Income taxes 8.0 % 5.4 bn € 20,7 %
- Other current taxes 0.4 % 293 m € 1,0 %
- Social contributions 17.2 % 11.6 bn € 44,6 %
- Capital taxes 0.2 % 124 m € 0,5 %
- Central government 21.3 % 14.4 bn € 55,0 %
- States and regions 0.0 % 0 m € 0,0 %
- Local government 0.6 % 394 m € 1,6 %
- Social security 16.7 % 11.3 bn € 43,2 %
- European Union 0.1 % 92 m € 0,3 %
Justice
Prisoners, prison places, judicial staff and homicides.
Prisoners per 100,000 people
85.0
The number of people held, including those awaiting trial. A country that judges slowly locks up more people who have not been convicted.
People held in prison
1,806
Police officers per 100,000 people
321.1
Prison staff per 100,000 people
41.2
Judges per 100,000 people
40.2
Homicides per 100,000 people
0.7
- Nationals 936 51,8 %
- Foreigners 870 48,2 %
Read alongside the share of foreigners in the population, which varies widely, and the fact that a non-resident is more often held on remand for want of guarantees of appearance.
- Men 1,713 94,9 %
- Women 93 5,1 %
Society
Population, employment, prices, poverty and inequality.
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union
This country European Union