Una historia común

La construcción europea no empezó en 1950. Este hilo une la herencia antigua, la matriz judeocristiana y la Unión contemporánea.

Comparar dos países

326 acontecimientos

3600 a. C. primer hito

46 países representados

0 ya debatidos

Densidad de acontecimientos

Un siglo por barra antes de 1500 y una década después: los archivos no se reparten por igual.

Grecia antigua Alta Edad Media Renacimiento Ilustración Concierto europeo Construcción europea Roma Plena y Baja Edad Media Reforma y guerras de religión Era de las revoluciones Guerras mundiales Guerra Fría

600 1049 1499

Borrar los filtros

54 acontecimientos

600 699

Alta Edad Media 1 acontecimiento

681 Acontecimiento Edad Media Bulgaria

First Bulgarian Empire

Byzantium recognises a Bulgarian state south of the Danube: Europe’s oldest still-named Slavic state.

700 799

Alta Edad Media 3 acontecimientos

711 Guerra Edad Media España

Muslim conquest

The Visigothic kingdom collapses. By the tenth century Córdoba is one of the largest cities in the world.

756 Acontecimiento Edad Media Ciudad del Vaticano

Birth of the Papal States

The Donation of Pepin founds a temporal power that will last eleven centuries.

793 Guerra Edad Media Noruega

Raid on Lindisfarne

The sack of the English monastery conventionally opens the Viking age.

800 899

Alta Edad Media 2 acontecimientos

800 Texto Edad Media Irlanda

The Book of Kells

A masterpiece of insular illumination, symbol of Ireland’s role in transmitting texts.

870 Acontecimiento Edad Media Malta

Arab period

Two centuries of Aghlabid rule give Maltese its Semitic base.

900 999

Alta Edad Media 6 acontecimientos

907 Acontecimiento Edad Media Eslovaquia

End of Great Moravia

The first West Slavic state collapses; the territory passes to Hungary for a thousand years.

925 Acontecimiento Edad Media Croacia

Kingdom of Croatia

Tomislav is recognised as king; the country anchors itself in Latin Christendom.

930 Institución Edad Media Islandia

Foundation of the Althing

At Þingvellir the world’s oldest still-functioning parliament is born.

962 Acontecimiento Edad Media Alemania

Birth of the Holy Roman Empire

Otto I is crowned in Rome. The Empire claims direct descent from ancient Rome and acts as the secular arm of the Church.

963 Institución Edad Media Luxemburgo

Foundation of Lucilinburhuc

Siegfried acquires a rock on the Alzette: the castle will give the country its name.

996 Acontecimiento Edad Media Austria

First mention of Ostarrîchi

An imperial charter names for the first time the “eastern realm”, origin of the name Österreich.

1000 1099

Plena y Baja Edad Media 4 acontecimientos

1016 Acontecimiento Edad Media Dinamarca

Empire of Cnut the Great

The Danish king rules England, Norway and Denmark: a North Sea empire.

1066 Guerra Edad Media Reino Unido

Norman Conquest

William imposes a French-speaking aristocracy; English absorbs thousands of Latin words.

1085 Institución Edad Media España

Capture of Toledo and school of translators

The reconquered city becomes the workshop where the West recovers Greek science via Arabic and Hebrew.

1088 Institución Edad Media Italia

University of Bologna

Europe’s oldest university is born around the study of the Digest: Roman law becomes a living science again.

1100 1199

Plena y Baja Edad Media 4 acontecimientos

1102 Acontecimiento Edad Media Croacia Hungría

Union with Hungary

An eight-century personal union, Croatia keeping its diet and its ban.

1143 Acontecimiento Edad Media Portugal

Independence of Portugal

The Treaty of Zamora recognises Afonso Henriques as king. Today’s borders begin to take shape.

1163 Acontecimiento Edad Media Francia

Notre-Dame and the Gothic surge

From Saint-Denis to Chartres, Gothic architecture turns light into theology and spreads across Europe.

1191 Acontecimiento Edad Media Chipre

Lusignan kingdom

After the crusade, a Frankish dynasty rules the island for three centuries.

1200 1299

Plena y Baja Edad Media 13 acontecimientos

1215 Acontecimiento Edad Media Reino Unido

Magna Carta

The barons impose written limits on King John: the first milestone of constitutionalism.

1220 Acontecimiento Edad Media Islandia

The age of the sagas

Snorri Sturluson and his contemporaries commit Norse mythology and settler history to writing.

1222 Acontecimiento Edad Media Hungría

Golden Bull

Seven years after Magna Carta, the Hungarian nobility obtains written guarantees against royal arbitrariness.

1240 Guerra Edad Media Ucrania

Sack of Kyiv

The Mongol invasion destroys the capital and disperses the political legacy of Rus’.

1243 Acontecimiento Edad Media San Marino

First captains-regent

Two heads of state elected for six months: the system still operates today.

1253 Figura Edad Media Lituania

Coronation of Mindaugas

Lithuania’s only king is crowned with papal approval; the state enters the European concert.

1262 Tratado Edad Media Islandia Noruega

Old Covenant

Iceland recognises the sovereignty of the king of Norway; the free state ends.

1278 Acontecimiento Edad Media Andorra

First paréage

The feudal act sharing sovereignty is still the country’s constitutional basis.

1278 Acontecimiento Edad Media Austria

Rise of the Habsburgs

Rudolf’s victory on the Marchfeld opens six centuries of dynastic rule.

1282 Acontecimiento Edad Media Letonia

Riga joins the Hanse

Trade in timber, flax and grain links Livonia to Lübeck, Bruges and Novgorod.

1290 Institución Edad Media Portugal

University of Coimbra

Founded by King Dinis, it transmits canon and Roman law to the whole Lusophone world.

1291 Tratado Edad Media Suiza

Federal Charter

Three Alpine valleys swear mutual assistance: the founding act of the Confederation.

1297 Acontecimiento Edad Media Mónaco

Capture of the rock

Francesco Grimaldi seizes the fortress; the dynasty has reigned ever since.

1300 1399

Plena y Baja Edad Media 14 acontecimientos

1302 Guerra Edad Media Bélgica

Battle of the Golden Spurs

Flemish communal militias crush the French chivalry: an assertion of urban power.

1346 Acontecimiento Edad Media Kosovo

Patriarchate of Peć

The seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church is established in Kosovo, spiritual heart of the kingdom.

1348 Institución Edad Media Chequia

Charles University

Charles IV founds Central Europe’s first university and makes Prague the capital of the Holy Roman Empire.

1349 Acontecimiento Edad Media Serbia

Dušan’s Code

The emperor promulgates a code inspired by Byzantine law, among Europe’s oldest.

1354 Acontecimiento Edad Media Luxemburgo

Elevation to duchy

Charles IV raises his native county to a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire.

1358 Acontecimiento Edad Media Croacia

Republic of Ragusa

Dubrovnik becomes an independent merchant republic and a diplomatic model.

1359 Acontecimiento Edad Media Rumanía

Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia

Two Orthodox, Romance-speaking states take shape between the Carpathians, Danube and Dniester.

1364 Institución Edad Media Polonia

University of Kraków

Casimir the Great founds one of Central Europe’s oldest universities; Copernicus will study there.

1377 Acontecimiento Edad Media Bosnia y Herzegovina

Kingdom of Bosnia

Tvrtko I is crowned king; the country reaches its medieval zenith.

1389 Guerra Edad Media Serbia

Battle of Kosovo

Defeat by the Ottomans becomes the founding narrative of Serbian memory.

1389 Guerra Edad Media Kosovo

Battle of Kosovo

The clash becomes a contested site of memory between Serbian and Albanian narratives.

1396 Guerra Edad Media Bulgaria

Ottoman conquest of Bulgaria

The fall of Vidin completes the conquest; five centuries of domination begin.

1397 Tratado Edad Media Dinamarca

Kalmar Union

The three Scandinavian kingdoms are united under a single crown for more than a century.

1397 Tratado Edad Media Noruega

Kalmar Union

Norway enters a Scandinavian union dominated by Denmark for four centuries.

1400 1499

Renacimiento 7 acontecimientos

1410 Guerra Edad Media Lituania

Battle of Grunwald

Poles and Lithuanians break the Teutonic Order and redraw the Baltic.

1415 Acontecimiento Edad Media Chequia

Jan Hus burned at the stake

Condemned at Constance, the Czech reformer becomes a national martyr and a forerunner of Luther.

1443 Guerra Edad Media Albania

Skanderbeg’s revolt

Twenty-five years of resistance to the Ottomans make him a hero of Christendom.

1453 Acontecimiento Edad Media Grecia

Fall of Constantinople

Byzantine scholars flee to Italy with their manuscripts, feeding the Renaissance directly.

1453 Acontecimiento Edad Media Turquía

Capture of Constantinople

Mehmed II ends the Eastern Roman Empire; Europe’s commercial and intellectual horizon shifts.

1457 Figura Edad Media Moldavia

Reign of Stephen the Great

Forty-seven years of resistance to the Ottomans and of monastic foundations.

1463 Guerra Edad Media Bosnia y Herzegovina

Ottoman conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Four centuries of rule begin; a large share of the population converts to Islam.