Lituania

Republic of Lithuania

The last people in Europe to convert to Christianity, in 1387, Lithuania was also the continent's largest state in the fifteenth century.

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Eredità

Vilnius was called the “Jerusalem of the North”: the Vilna Gaon made it in the eighteenth century the world centre of Talmudic study. The university, founded in 1579 by the Jesuits, is one of Eastern Europe's oldest; Lithuanian is the most archaic living Indo-European language.

Storia

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania stretched in the fifteenth century from the Baltic to the Black Sea. Jogaila's conversion in 1387, tied to his marriage to the queen of Poland, completed the continent's Christianisation and founded a union that would last four centuries.

After the partitions of Poland-Lithuania the country passed to Russia. The ban on Lithuanian printing in Latin characters between 1864 and 1904 triggered cultural resistance through book smuggling, a case unique in Europe.

Independent in 1918, annexed by the USSR in 1940, Lithuania was the first Soviet republic to proclaim its sovereignty, on 11 March 1990. The Baltic Way of 1989 had gathered two million people in a human chain six hundred kilometres long. A member of the Union and NATO since 2004, of the euro since 2015.

Tappe

1253 Medioevo

Coronation of Mindaugas

Lithuania’s only king is crowned with papal approval; the state enters the European concert.

1387 Cristianizzazione

Christianisation of Lithuania

The last country in Europe to convert, Lithuania seals its union with Poland.

1410 Medioevo

Battle of Grunwald

Poles and Lithuanians break the Teutonic Order and redraw the Baltic.

1569 Rinascimento e Riforme attore principale

Union of Lublin

Poland and Lithuania form a joint Commonwealth: elective monarchy and a powerful parliament.

1579 Rinascimento e Riforme

University of Vilnius

A Jesuit foundation, it becomes the intellectual hearth of the grand duchy.

1864 Età moderna

Ban on the Lithuanian press

Forty years of book smuggling keep the language alive.

1989 Età contemporanea

Baltic Way

Two million people form a human chain from Tallinn to Vilnius.

1990 Età contemporanea

Independence restored

On 11 March Lithuania is the first republic to leave the USSR.

2004 Costruzione europea vi ha preso parte

The big bang enlargement

Ten states, eight of them formerly communist, join the Union: the continent’s division ends.

Paesaggio politico

Risultati delle europee di giugno 2024 e loro traduzione in gruppi del Parlamento europeo.

TS-LKD — Tėvynės sąjunga — Lietuvos krikščionys demokratai 3
Autres — Nemuno aušra, AVP-LKS, nepriklausomi 3
LSDP — Lietuvos socialdemokratų partija 2
DSVL — Demokratų sąjunga „Vardan Lietuvos“ 1
LVŽS — Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga 1
LRLS — Lietuvos Respublikos liberalų sąjūdis 1

Ripartizione dei seggi europei

Gruppo del Partito Popolare Europeo (Democratico Cristiano) 3
Deputati non iscritti 3
Gruppo dell'Alleanza Progressista di Socialisti e Democratici al Parlamento europeo 2
Gruppo dei Conservatori e Riformisti Europei 1
Gruppo dei Verdi/Alleanza libera europea 1
Gruppo Renew Europe 1

Attualità collegate

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Lo Stato in cifre

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Debito pubblico, in % del PIL 43,8 % 1,7 % PIL per abitante (UE = 100) 87,5 0,3 Spesa pubblica, in % del PIL 39,4 % 2,2 % Pressione fiscale, in % del PIL 33,8 % 0,8 % Detenuti ogni 100 000 abitanti 155,2 4,0