Dänemark

Kingdom of Denmark

Europe's oldest still-reigning monarchy, Denmark converted its Viking power into a model of consensual society.

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Erbe

The Jelling stone, carved around 965, proclaims that Harald “made the Danes Christian”: the country's written birth certificate. The Lutheran Reformation of 1536 created a state Church that would fund literacy; in the nineteenth century Kierkegaard refounded there the Christian thought of existence.

Geschichte

From the eighth to the eleventh century the Danes shaped northern Europe: raids, trading posts, then a North Sea empire under Cnut the Great, who ruled Denmark, England and Norway simultaneously.

The Kalmar Union (1397) briefly gathered all Scandinavia under a Danish sceptre. The Reformation of 1536 and absolutism from 1660 forged a centralised, literate state. The defeats of 1864 against Prussia reduced the kingdom to a small country that chose to intensify its agriculture and cooperatives.

In the twentieth century Denmark built a universalist welfare state. It joined the Communities in 1973 alongside the United Kingdom and Ireland, but kept opt-outs: it has not adopted the euro. Greenland, a member through Denmark, left the Communities in 1985.

Meilensteine

965 Christianisierung

Jelling stone

Harald Bluetooth proclaims the Christianisation of the Danes: the kingdom’s birth certificate.

1016 Mittelalter

Empire of Cnut the Great

The Danish king rules England, Norway and Denmark: a North Sea empire.

1397 Mittelalter

Kalmar Union

The three Scandinavian kingdoms are united under a single crown for more than a century.

1536 Renaissance und Reformationen

Lutheran Reformation

The Church becomes a state Church; universal religious instruction prepares national literacy.

1849 Frühe Neuzeit

Liberal constitution

Absolutism ends; Denmark becomes a constitutional monarchy.

1943 Zeitgeschichte

Rescue of the Danish Jews

In a few nights, more than 7,000 Jews are evacuated to neutral Sweden.

1949 Europäischer Aufbau war beteiligt

Council of Europe

Ten states found in London the first European political organisation, matrix of the Convention on Human Rights.

1973 Europäischer Aufbau

Accession of Denmark to the Communities

The first Nordic member, Denmark enters alongside the United Kingdom and Ireland.

1973 Europäischer Aufbau war beteiligt

First enlargement

Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom join the Communities, which grow from six to nine.

1992 Europäischer Aufbau war beteiligt

Maastricht Treaty

The European Union is created, with European citizenship and the timetable for the single currency.

Politische Landschaft

Ergebnisse der Europawahl vom Juni 2024 und ihre Übersetzung in Fraktionen des Europäischen Parlaments.

SF — Socialistisk Folkeparti 3
S — Socialdemokratiet 3
V — Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti 2
DD — Danmarksdemokraterne 1
LA — Liberal Alliance 1
EL — Enhedslisten — De Rød-Grønne 1
RV — Radikale Venstre 1
DF — Dansk Folkeparti 1
K — Det Konservative Folkeparti 1
M — Moderaterne 1

Verteilung der europäischen Sitze

Fraktion Renew Europe 5
Fraktion Die Grünen/Europäische Freie Allianz 3
Fraktion der Progressiven Allianz der Sozialdemokraten im Europäischen Parlament 3
Fraktion der Europäischen Konservativen und Reformer 1
Die Linke im Europäischen Parlament — GUE/NGL 1
Fraktion Patrioten für Europa 1
Fraktion der Europäischen Volkspartei (Christdemokraten) 1

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Der Staat in Zahlen

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Staatsschulden, in % des BIP 27,1 % 0,3 % BIP pro Kopf (EU = 100) 129,1 0,3 Staatsausgaben, in % des BIP 47,3 % 0,1 % Abgabenquote, in % des BIP 45,1 % 0,4 % Gefangene je 100 000 Einwohner 69,9 0,1