212 Texto Antigüedad Italia
Edict of Caracalla
Roman citizenship is extended to nearly all free men of the Empire: a legal, not ethnic, community.
La construcción europea no empezó en 1950. Este hilo une la herencia antigua, la matriz judeocristiana y la Unión contemporánea.
26 acontecimientos
212 Texto Antigüedad Italia
Roman citizenship is extended to nearly all free men of the Empire: a legal, not ethnic, community.
313 Texto Cristianización Italia
Constantine grants freedom of worship to Christians. The Empire turns to Christianity and hands it its administrative frameworks.
800 Texto Edad Media Irlanda
A masterpiece of insular illumination, symbol of Ireland’s role in transmitting texts.
1516 Texto Renacimiento y Reformas Países Bajos
The return to biblical sources opens the way to the Reformation and to modern textual criticism.
1517 Texto Renacimiento y Reformas Alemania
At Wittenberg, Luther challenges indulgences. His German Bible founds the modern language and fractures Western Christendom.
1517 Texto Renacimiento y Reformas Bielorrusia
The first book printed in Ruthenian appears in Prague, a year after Erasmus.
1539 Texto Renacimiento y Reformas Francia
Francis I imposes French in public acts: the vernacular supplants Latin in administration.
1548 Texto Renacimiento y Reformas Finlandia
Mikael Agricola creates written Finnish so that Scripture is accessible to all.
1685 Texto Edad Moderna Letonia
Ernst Glück’s translation fixes the written language and spreads reading through the parishes.
1710 Texto Edad Moderna Ucrania
The Cossack text separates powers and limits the hetman: one of Europe’s oldest.
1739 Texto Edad Moderna Estonia
The complete translation fixes the literary language and accelerates rural literacy.
1766 Texto Edad Moderna Suecia
Sweden adopts the world’s first law guaranteeing public access to official documents.
1789 Texto Edad Moderna Francia
The Assembly proclaims universal rights. The political vocabulary of contemporary Europe flows directly from it.
1791 Texto Edad Moderna Polonia
Europe’s first written constitution, adopted shortly before the country’s third partition.
1804 Texto Edad Moderna Francia
Napoleon commissions a synthesis of Roman and customary law, exported from Spain to Poland.
1814 Texto Edad Moderna Noruega
On 17 May Norway adopts one of the most liberal constitutions of its time.
1835 Texto Edad Moderna Finlandia
Lönnrot compiles the national epic, the foundation of the Finnish cultural awakening.
1848 Texto Edad Moderna Suiza
After a brief civil war, Switzerland becomes a federal state with direct democracy.
1849 Texto Edad Moderna Dinamarca
Absolutism ends; Denmark becomes a constitutional monarchy.
1949 Texto Época contemporánea Alemania
“Human dignity shall be inviolable”: Article 1 places the person — a Christian and humanist legacy — at the summit of the legal order.
1950 Texto Construcción europea
On 9 May France proposes placing coal and steel under a common authority. Community Europe is born of a material pooling.
1957 Texto Construcción europea Bélgica
Belgian Paul-Henri Spaak drafts the preparatory text of the Treaties of Rome.
1963 Texto Construcción europea
The Court of Justice asserts direct effect: Community law creates rights for citizens themselves.
1978 Texto Época contemporánea España
Three years after Franco, Spain adopts a parliamentary monarchy and a state of autonomies.
1993 Texto Época contemporánea Andorra
Andorra becomes a sovereign state under the rule of law and joins the UN the same year.
2008 Texto Época contemporánea Kosovo
On 17 February Pristina proclaims independence; recognition remains partial.